Ministry of Finance · Government of Nepal
Dr. Swarnim Wagle's first budget — a visual reader of the full speech (§1–73) presented to Parliament on Jestha 15, 2083. Explore reforms, sector programs §40–62, and where the money goes.
The big numbers
Grouped by fiscal picture, macro targets, reforms, and sector allocations. Click any figure to jump to the matching chapter or fiscal breakdown.
Fiscal picture
Total spend, revenue, and the gap
Expenditure (Rs. 2,124 arba) minus revenue (Rs. 1,405 arba) leaves a Rs. 657 arba deficit.
Macro targets
Growth and price stability
Reforms & lean state
Tax relief and institutional cuts
Infrastructure & energy
Physical targets for the year
People & services
Social-sector headline allocations
§64–65 · Spending and funding
Rs. 2,124 arba in spending, split three ways — then paid for mostly with taxes, with aid and loans covering the rest.
§64 · Spending
Almost 3 in 5 rupees run day-to-day government. The rest builds assets or handles debt.
Every Rs. 100 of federal spending
Budget term: Recurrent expenditure
Everyday costs to keep services going
Money spent on salaries, pensions, social security, subsidies, and day-to-day office operations — not on building new roads or dams.
Budget term: Capital expenditure
Roads, dams, schools, hospitals — things that last
Investment spending that creates physical assets and infrastructure. This is what builds long-term productive capacity.
Budget term: Financial management
Repaying old loans and moving money between accounts
Not new projects — this covers principal and interest repayments, loan transfers, and other treasury operations that manage past borrowing.
Share of total budget
§65 · Funding
Taxes and fees cover about two-thirds. The Rs. 657 arba shortfall comes from grants and borrowing.
Covered by revenue
Rs. 1,405 arba
66% of total spending
Must borrow or get aid
Rs. 657 arba
31% of spending · fiscal deficit
Taxes & fees collected
Rs. 1,405.31 arba
Revenue · 66.2% of total expenditure
Customs, VAT, income tax, and other domestic revenue
Aid from other countries
Rs. 61.74 arba
Foreign grants · 2.9% of total expenditure
Non-repayable assistance from development partners
Borrowing from abroad
Rs. 247.28 arba
Foreign loans · 11.6% of total expenditure
New external debt to bridge the fiscal gap
New domestic borrowing (net)
Rs. 164.11 arba
Internal loans (net) · 7.7% of total expenditure
Rs. 410 arba borrowed minus Rs. 245.89 arba repaid on old domestic debt
§40–62 · Sector allocations
Named ministry-sector budgets from the full FY 2083/84 speech — education and health lead social spending; roads and urban infrastructure lead physical works.
These are named sector lines from the speech — mostly capital and program spending, separate from the recurrent (running-cost) bucket above. Combined they do not add to 100% of the total budget.
Opening frame · §2–3
“The need of the day is to build a result-oriented governance system by ending policy ambiguity, dilatoriness, institutional capture, and the exploitation of state resources.”
— Dr. Swarnim Wagle · Budget Speech FY 2083/84
Speech sections
Filter by reforms, sector programs, or fiscal/revenue sections. Tap a card to expand the numbered paragraphs from the budget speech.
Dated reforms
Key deadlines and milestones the government has set for itself in FY 2083/84 and beyond.
FY 2083/84
Income tax exemption doubled to Rs. 10 lakh; max rate cut 10 points
Within 3 months
Investment Express automatic route for all investor services
Shrawan 2083
Nagdhunga tunnel operational; new civil-service pay scale (+21% net)
This fiscal year
Sunset law for development projects; 31 entities dissolved
By Poush 2083
Nepal Telecom IPO; labour tribunal; Nijgadh airport modality fixed
Within 3 years
10 floodlit football stadiums; 8 indoor multi-purpose stadiums in major cities
Within 5 years
All district HQs connected by upgraded roads; 100% clean water
By 2027
Visit Nepal Year 2085 & Nepal Wellness Year 2027
3-year target
90% health insurance; 336 basic hospitals completed; 65% safe drinking water
This year
Irrigated land share reaches 64%; 15,800 new hectares brought under irrigation
§66 · Fiscal federalism
Beyond the federal budget line items, more than Rs. 600 arba is projected to reach sub-national governments through revenue sharing and fiscal transfers.
Rs. 61.50 arba
Equalization → provinces
Rs. 90.20 arba
Equalization → local
Rs. 175 arba
Revenue sharing (est.)
Rs. 600 arba+
Total sub-national mobilization
Related document
Point #3 of the 100-Point Agenda requires the National Commitment to be woven into annual policies, programs, and budget. Compare the charter's 18 pillars with this budget's reforms.
References
Primary budget text hosted on this site, plus tracker pages that connect the speech to diagnosis and charter promises.
Original Nepali text of the speech presented to Parliament on Jestha 15, 2083 (May 29, 2026) by Finance Minister Dr. Swarnim Wagle. The themed reader on this page is an English plain-language summary; the PDF is the authoritative Nepali document.
Crosswalk of Economic Status diagnoses, National Commitment pillars, and named budget lines across policy domains.
Government diagnosis of growth, debt, revenue, and sector bottlenecks — the analytical backdrop for this budget.
Authoritative releases, budget documents, and fiscal notices from MoF.