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Methodology & Assumptions

A full account of how figures on the Cabinet Wealth page were derived, what data is declared vs. estimated, and where you should exercise caution interpreting comparisons.

This is not an audit. All underlying figures come from self-declared asset disclosures submitted by ministers on April 12, 2026. The government of Nepal does not independently verify these declarations. We have applied additional calculations and estimates (marked clearly below) to convert declared descriptions into numerical values. Errors in the source declarations will propagate into this data.

1. Source Data

All individual asset declarations were published on April 12, 2026 by the Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers (OPMCM) via:

Where multiple sources were available, figures were cross-checked. Discrepancies are noted in the individual minister's card.

2. Conversion Rates Used

RateValueSource / Date
Gold (hallmark, 24-carat)Rs 296,700 / tolaHamro Patro — April 13, 2026
SilverRs 4,900 / tolaHamro Patro — April 13, 2026
USD exchange (NPR → USD)Rs 148.07 / USD (NRB buy rate)Nepal Rastra Bank — April 13, 2026
Gold prices are given for 24-carat hallmark gold. Jewelry declared by ministers typically contains alloys (22-carat or lower) and has making charges, meaning actual resale value of declared "X tolas of gold" is likely lower than X × Rs 296,700.

The NRB buy rate (what banks pay to buy USD) was used for USD conversion, as it is the most stable published rate. The sell rate (slightly higher) was not used.

3. Asset Valuation — Declared vs. Estimated

Ministers' declarations contain figures for some assets and descriptions only for others. We distinguish these clearly:

Asset typeHow valuedReliability
Bank balancesDeclared exactly (NPR)High — directly stated
Gold (tolas)tolas × Rs 296,700 (Hamro Patro rate)Medium — market rate, quality/purity varies
Silver (tolas)tolas × Rs 4,900Medium — same caveat as gold
Company sharesDeclared book value or estimatedLow–Medium — share prices fluctuate
Real estate with declared valueDeclared amount used directlyMedium — self-assessed, not independently appraised
Real estate without declared valueEstimated from size/locationLow — rough estimate; marked 'Estimated'
Vehicles with declared valueDeclared amount used directlyMedium
Vehicles without declared valueEstimated typical market rateLow — marked 'Estimated'
LivestockNominal estimate (Rs 2,000–5,000/animal)Very low monetary value; included for completeness
Items tagged "Estimated" in the data are our approximations. The true declared value may differ. Real estate in particular is highly sensitive to precise location, road access, and current market conditions — a 20-30% error margin is plausible for estimated property values.

4. Family Assets — Important Caveats

Several ministers declared assets held in the names of immediate family members (spouse, parents, in-laws, children). These are shown separately as "Family / Relatives' Assets" on each minister's card.

Family assets are NOT the minister's personal wealth.They are legally owned by the named family member. Combining them in the "incl. family" view provides context about household economic proximity, not legal ownership. A minister whose spouse holds Rs 100M in property cannot personally access or spend that amount.

The family asset values are often estimated because declarations describe properties by area (aana, ropani, bigha) without explicit monetary values. We apply approximate local market rates to convert — these estimates carry significant uncertainty.

Example: PM Balen Shah's wife declared 190 tolas of "gold, silver, and diamond jewellery" as inherited property. We estimate 70% of the value as gold-equivalent because the exact split is not disclosed. The figure is therefore approximate.

5. Wealth vs. Average Income — Detailed Methodology

This comparison is illustrative only. It is nota statement that ministers earned their wealth improperly, nor that they have a specific number of years of income saved. Wealth accumulates over a lifetime from inheritance, business activity, appreciation, and gifts — not just salary. Read this number as "scale of wealth relative to average income," not as "years of savings."

What figure we use:

Nepal GNI per capita (FY2024-25)USD 1,456 / yearFinance Ministry budget speech, May 2024
SourceKathmandu Post, May 28 2024'Nepal's per capita income sees slight increase'
Converted to NPR at NRB rateRs 215,590 / year (≈ Rs 216K)USD 1456 × Rs 148.07
Constant used in calculationsRs 215,590 / yearThis is what divides minister wealth to produce 'years' figure

What GNI per capita is — and is not:

  • GNI (Gross National Income)= total income earned by a country's residents, including income from abroad. For Nepal, this prominently includes remittances, which account for roughly 22–27% of GDP.
  • GNI per capita is an arithmetic mean (total ÷ population), not a median. Because of income inequality, the median income is substantially lower than USD 1,456.
  • This is gross income — before taxes, food, housing, and other expenses. Disposable income or purchasing-power-adjusted income would be different.
  • The figure is from FY2024-25 (Nepal fiscal year ending July 2025), reported in May 2024. Minister wealth is declared April 2026. The GNI may have changed modestly.
  • Using a higherincome baseline (e.g., USD 1,456 vs. the Rs 200,000 previously used) makes the "years of income" multiplier smaller — i.e., more conservative and less misleading. The current calculation uses Rs 215,590.

Example calculation (PM Balendra Shah, personal wealth only):

Declared personal assets: Rs 14.6 million (bank savings)

Liabilities: Rs 0

Net personal wealth: Rs 14,600,000

GNI per capita baseline: Rs 215,590/year

Years = Rs 14,600,000 ÷ Rs 215,590 = 68 years

(If family assets included: + Rs 39.5M estimated family property → ~251 years combined)

Using median household income (unavailable for Nepal at a reliable published figure) would make the multiplier even larger. Using GNI per capita produces the most conservative (smallest) "years of income" estimate for this comparison.

6. Shares & Company Investments

Share values are taken from declared figures (typically at par or purchase price) unless a current market value was stated. NEPSE-listed shares may have market values significantly different from declared par value. Unlisted/private company shares are valued at declared amount only.

Finance Minister Waglé's hydropower shares (Upper Madi Khola Rs 30M, National Fund Management Rs 9M, etc.) are at declared value. Actual NEPSE market prices were not available at time of publication.

7. What Is Not Included

  • Digital accounts / social media: PM Shah listed his social media presence as an income asset. We have not assigned a monetary value to follower counts.
  • Government pension entitlements: Future pension rights are not included in declared wealth and are not included here.
  • Undisclosed assets: Self-declaration systems rely on honesty. This data reflects only what was voluntarily declared.
  • Appreciation since acquisition: If a minister bought land in 2005 and it has tripled in value, the declared value may reflect either acquisition cost or current value — declarations vary.

8. Data Version

Declaration dateApril 12, 2026 (Chaitra 29, 2082 BS)
Page publishedApril 13, 2026
Minister count16 (full cabinet)
Gold/silver pricesApril 13, 2026 (Hamro Patro)
USD rateApril 13, 2026 (NRB buy rate)
GNI per capitaFY2024-25 (Finance Ministry, May 2024)